Fumigation is a method of pest control that completely fills an area with gaseous pesticides to suffocate or poison the pests within. It is utilized for control of pests in furniture and household items, soil, grain, and produce, and is also used during processing of goods to be imported or exported to prevent transfer of exotic organisms.

Fumigation usually involves the following phases:

First the item or area to be fumigated is usually covered to create a sealed environment. Next the fumigant (chemical) is released into the space to be fumigated. Then, the space is sealed for a set period while the fumigant gas percolates through the space and acts on and kills any infestation in the product. Next the space is ventilated so that the gasses are allowed to escape from the space and render it safe for humans to enter.